Japanese+Internment+Period+6


 * Aldrich Dalmacio**
 * Adrianna Contreras**
 * Carla Dougherty**
 * Brenda Morales**

**//Japanese Internment//** __ **Historical Events:** __ **December 7, 1941 ** Japanese bombs Pearl Harbor.

**December 8, 1941 ** Department of Treasury closes all Japanese American bank accounts and businesses. Many Japanese speaking schools shut down. President Franklin D. Roosevelt had issued Executive Order 9066, which had issued all people of Japanese ancestery to be relocated to "internment" camps but were refferred to "concentration" camps as well. This order was issued because the United States was afraid of a Japanese Americans committing espionage. Japanese Americans were forced to leave their homes and were issued to bring only what they could carry.
 * December 9, 1941**
 * Febeuary 19, 1942**

**Japanese being evacuated out of their homes and into internment camps** The U.S. Government evacuated more than 110,000 people of Japanese descent and placed them into 10 internment camps. These ten camps were mostly located on the west coast, however there were few in the south. The most famous of these camps is Manzanar which is located in California. Manzanar which had house about 10,000 inmates. "A Japanese interment camp." //Asian American Reference Library//. Ed. Helen Zia, et al. 2nd ed. Detroit: U*X*L, 2010. //Gale Student Resources In Context//. Web. 12 Jan. 2012. 

Life within the internment camps was hard. Japanese Americans had only allowed to bring few possesions and in many cases were only given 48 hours to evacuate their homes. The internees were housed in barracks and had areas for washind, laundry and eating. Some had died due to the lack of maedical care and from the emotional stress which was placed upon them. Racism was a major aspect in the interment of Japanese Americans, for they were blamed for crimes they did not commit. It was a very hard an emotional time for Japanese Americans. The camps were guarded by military personnel, to punish those who disobeyed the rule. Those few who were sent to Tule Lake facility which is located in North Carolina. Despite the hardship these people have endured they made the best of life at the camps by playing games and socializing and just living life the way they had to.

The Public Proclamation number 21, which hadn't gone into effect until January 1945, the Japanese Americans had been released and were allowed to return to their homes. Many internees had returned to their homes, however there were few who were infuriated enough to return back to their homeland of Japan. Many Japanese Americans had lost their businesses and homes. Japanese people were never looked at the same by americans. It had taken many years for Japanese Americans to get back on their feet, for it was nearly impossible for them to find jobs, most had just become farmers. The major theme or lessoned that was learned from this tragic event is that we are all people, no matter what color or race.
 * December 1944**

__ **Visual Arts:** __

=Japanese Artists:=
 * ===== //Buntsu (painter)// =====
 * ===== //Hide Kawanishi (print maker)// =====
 * ===== //Junichiro Sekino (print maker)// =====
 * ===== //Isamu Noguchi (painter)// =====
 * ===== //Kiichi Sumikawa (painter)// =====
 * ===== //Keiichi Tanaami (sculptor)// =====



=What internees made:=
 * ==== Scrap lumber became chairs, tables, and dressers. ====
 * ==== Metal became knives ====
 * ==== Scrap wood became carved small birds. ====





Buntsu was a Japanese painter who used a combination of semi-e and calligraphy in his master pieces.
 * Calligraphy (Shodou): artist writing of the Japanese language

- The key is for the subject to come to life with only a few brush strokes.
 * Semi-e: artistic representation of an object or scene with an ink and a brush.


 * Origami[[image:http://images.artelino.com/images/images/junichiro_sekino3.jpg align="right" caption="Biography of Koshiro Onchi-Junichiro Sekino "]]

> In 1940-1945, there was not much art production especially from print makers because they relied on Western countries with the United States to get materials they needed.



[] http://www.artelino.com/articles/junichiro_sekino.asp []

__ **Music:** __

**__Songs about War__**
During the 1940's, which was the period of time in which World War II and the Japanese Internment were taking place, music reflected the nations involvement in the war.

[|"We Did it Once and We Can Do it Again" by Charlie Tobias] media type="file" key="We Did It Before and We Can Do It Again .mp3" width="240" height="20" Our land of freedom was defied December eighth nineteen-hundred and forty-one Uncle Sam replied. We did it before and we can do it again And we will do it again We've got a heck of a job to do   But you can bet we'll see it thru. ||
 * December seventh nineteen-hundred and forty-one

[|"Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy" by Andrew Sister] media type="file" key="Andrews_Sisters_Boogie_Woogie_Bugle_Boy_Of_Company_B.mp3" width="240" height="20" He had a boogie style that no one else could play He was the top man at his craft But then his number came up and he was gone with the draft He's in the army now, a-blowin' reveille He's the boogie woogie bugle boy of Company B   They made him blow a bugle for his Uncle Sam It really brought him down because he couldn't jam ||
 * He was a famous trumpet man from out Chicago way

**__Japanese Internment Camps Songs__**
There were a few songs that were written about the Japanese Internment Camps. These songs are about Japanese-Americans who were taken to the camps.

[|"Manzanar" by Tom Russell] media type="file" key="Manzanar - YouTube .mp3" width="240" height="20" And I'm a proud American I came here in '27 From my homeland of Japan And I picked your grapes and oranges Made some money, bought a store Until 1942 Pearl Harbor and the war Came those relocation orders They took our house, the store, the car And they drove us through the desert To a place called Manzanar ||
 * He said my name is Nakashima

[|Kenji- fort minor] media type="file" key="Fort Minor - Kenji.mp3" width="240" height="20" "The evil Japanese in our home country will be locked away," They gave Ken, a couple of days, To get his whole life packed in two bags, Just two bags, couldn't even pack his clothes, Some folks didn't even have a suitcase, to pack anything in, So two trash bags is all they gave them, ||
 * Just like he guessed, the President said,

__ **Literature Spec:** __ Although Asians Americans, including those of Japanese heritage, have lived in the United States for over 150 years, too little about their experiences, their history, the country of their heritage, and their literature is reflected in the curriculum of the public schools. Given the existence of many educational, commercial, and cultural alliances between Japan and the United States, it is vital that the knowledge students acquire, both about Japan as a country and about Americans of Japanese heritage, is accurate, current, and moves beyond isolated facts. While some teachers might use social studies textbooks and view informational books as appropriate classroom materials useful for independent research, many do not also consider using the many fine works of literature that include interesting and accurate information about Japan and Japanese Americans in achieving objectives related to the history and culture of these people so important to the heritage of the United States.

__Farewell to Manzanar by Houston, Jeanne Wakatsuki__ " [Mama] would quickly subordinate her own desires to those of the family or the community, because she knew cooperation was the only way to survive. At the same time she placed a high premium on personal privacy, respected it in others and insisted upon it for herself. … Almost everyone at Manzanar had inherited this pair of traits from the generations before them who had learned to live in a small, crowded country like Japan.” "I smiled and sat down, suddenly aware of what being of Japanese ancestry was going to be like. I wouldn’t be faced with physical attack, or with overt shows of hatred. Rather, I would be seen as someone foreign, or as someone other than American, or perhaps not be seen at all." This book explores the themes of racism and the civil rights of Japanese-Americans during World War II.

__The Journal of Ben Uchida, Citizen 13559, Mirror Lake Internment Camp, CA, 1942 Booktalk__ My name is Ben Uchida, number 13559. Even though I had never been to Japan, can’t even speak more than a few words of Japanese, and was born in the United States, I spent 1942 and ’43 in a concentration camp in northern California. After Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, the US government decided that anyone who was even part Japanese should be locked up, just in case they were dangerous to Americans. They even included American citizens, like my sister and me. I’d never thought I looked different from the other kids at school, even though most of them were Caucasian. But when I went to school the day after Pearl Harbor, I realized I did look different. My hair was black, my skin was darker, and my eyes were almond-shaped. My face was the face of the enemy. Just a few months later, we were told to pack just what we could carry, sell everything else, and get on a train that would take us to our new home. Home! Ha! That was a joke! “Home” was barracks with tarpaper roofs and no insulation, no curtains, no furniture, no kitchens, no indoor plumbing. And on top of that, it wasn’t one room per family. Small families like ours had to share. We had six people in our room. But we were lucky. Mr. Tashima was nice, and knew how to make furniture so we didn’t have to live on the floor for too long. There were things to do. I joined a baseball team, and it wasn’t long before we had to go to school. But nothing could make any of us forget for a minute that we were prisoners, surrounded by barbed wire and armed guards. Prisoners, not because of something we had done, but because of who we were and what we looked like. Let me tell you what it all felt like, the bad and the not-so-bad things about living in an internment camp.

__Barracks Home11 __ This is our barracks, squatting on the ground, Tar papered shacks, partitioned into rooms By sheetrock walls, transmitting every sound Of neighbor's gossip or the sweep of brooms The open door welcomes the refugees, And now at least there is no need to roam Afar: here space enlarges memories Beyond the bounds of camp and this new home. The floor is carpeted with dust, wind-borne <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Dry alkalai, patterned with insect feet, <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">What peace can such a place as this impart? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">We can but sense, bewildered and forlorn, <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">That time, disrupted by the war from neat <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Routines, must now adjust within the heart. //Tojo Suyemoto Kawakami//