Irish+Famine+Period+6

Jasmine Sosa, Sandra Gorba, Vanity Robinson, Alejandra Arellano, Jackeline Velasco Irish Famine Songs [|Famine Song] [|By the Hush] [|The Charity Seed] [|The Potato-Digger's Song] [|White Potatoes] [|Famine] [|Thousands are Sailing]

Art work



**A starving Irish family from Carraroe, County Galway, during the Famine.** **A statue made representing the agony of the potato famine.**



**This Sketch was taken on the road, of a famished boy and girl turning up the ground to seek for a potato to relieve their hunger**

** “The Discovery of the Potato Blight” by Daniel MacDonald. Daniel McDonald’s The Discovery of the Potato Blight is one of only a handful of responses by visual artists who lived through the disaster.**

**//Emigrants Leave Ireland//****Engraving by [|Henry Doyle]** **(1827–1893)****From [|Mary Frances Cusack's]** **//Illustrated History of Ireland//, 1868.**

Irish Media **//__Irish Famine F__//****//__ilms__//**

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Irish Famine 1845-1850 Irish Famine [] //**Many of the Irish Films at the time focused on the peoples sadness and were mostly made after the Irish Famine**// **//__Irish Famine News Papers __//** The Paper most commonly perduced in the Irish Famine Times was "The Times" News Paper __//**The Times news papers**//__



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======================================================================================= "Famine" and Its Remedy. December 16, 1846. == Under the imposing heads of "Fearful Facts," and "Hungers, Cold, Disease and Deaths," the //Wexford Independent//gives a most alarming account of the state of part of that county. Here is an extract: "Our accounts from the northern parts of this country are most deplorable. What the poor people earn on the public works is barely sufficient to support them. All their earnings go for food; and the consequence is, that they have nothing left to procure clothing. Since the extreme cold set in, sickness and death have accordingly followed in its train. Inflammation of the lungs, fevers, and other maladies, resulting from excessive privation, have been bearing away their victims. Many have died in the course of last week; and the illness in every case was traceable to the want of clothing and firing, if not of sufficient food."

**Some of the Newspapers at the time that discribed the Famines harsh realites.** The Distress From the New York Times [|The Times "Famine" and Its Remedy. December 16, 1846] [|The Times Distress In Cork, January 18, 1847]

**History ** =** Potato Famine: **= "//As to the potatoes they are all gone - clean gone. If travelling by night, you would know when a potato field was near by the smell. The fields present a space of withered black stalks. //" Although many believed the potato orignitaed from Ireland it actually was found in the Andes Mountains of Peru. Around 1590, the potato was introduced to Ireland, and the crop fairl adjusted to Ireland’s moist soil. By the 1800s, the potato had become the staple crop, and many depended on the vegetable for its rich protein, carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins.In the period from 1780 to 1845 it helped double the Irish population from 4 to 8 million. The famine begun in 1845 and lasted until 1851; this diseased that swiped throughout Ireland would turn the potato plants black and curled then they would rot. This disease came about from an airborne fungus (phytophthora infestans) it originally came from transported ships traveling from America to England. The people had their unscientific assumptions for the unsuspected disease. Since most of them were Catholics they believed the crisis was punishment for the sins that they committed. Others believed that it was because of the new trains that caused the static electricity in the air. I n England, Liberals saw it as an opportunity for the Irish to better themselves because Ireland was a country with economic potential (plentiful fish, fine land and harbors) and with British instructions Ireland would get itself out of this mess. The irony is that during the Famine, Irelandwas producing food, but most of it was exported, and the Irish were too poor to buy the food they were farming themselves. Prime Minister Peel made a political decision to support England’s Corn Laws that imposed heavy tariffs on imported grain. Efforts by the British government worsened Ireland’s potato famine; England believed the free market would end the famine. Britain set up soup kitchen and programs of emergency relief, but it land Britain in a bank crisis. The Irish were forced to move into overcrowded workhouses, so disease spreaded quickly and that resulted in over 200,000 deaths. It was like a prison; everything was strict, and to top it of families were separated when they entered; they weren't allowed much contact with one another. The Penal Laws (passed initially in 1695) were now strictly enforced, making it illegal for Catholics to own land, to maintain education, for the Gaelic language to be taught or spoken, and to hold office, vote, join the army, or practice their religion. This left the Irish with a grudge towards Britain. Many believed the famine was in result of British colonial policies since the industrialization in England forced Ireland towards agriculture to produce export crops. British politician blamed the landlords for the misery due to their failure to maintain their estates. Parliament then enacted the Irish Poor Law Extension Act which put the entire responsibility of the Famine relief on Ireland’s property Anti-Irish Sentiment… Once the Irish arrived from Ireland they encountered new difficulties. The Irish weren’t considered well enough for proper housing, so were forced to live in shanty towns which was in result from the unfamiliar ness with plumbing and running water. In addition, it was difficult for them to find jobs because most obtained signs stating, “__NO IRISH NEED APPLY”__ or “__NO SALESMEN, NO IRISH.”__ Most jobs that were available involved potential high risk injuries; these jobs were considered too dangerous for black slaves since the loss of a slave were a pocket expense. The pay salaries for these jobs were low that the uneducated and poor employment consisted. Around the 1840s the Know Nothing Party rose. The party opposed immigration especially the Irish Catholics. They believed “Americans must rule America.” They passed laws that purposely attacked the Irish in Massachusetts that included deporting them, and excluding their right to vote or hold office. The Gaelic immigrants were compared to the black slaves by using the terms “niggers turned out” and “smoked Irish.” In the late 19th century is when Irish racism began to decline especially once other racial groups immigrated which sparked new prejudices. owners. **//__Literature__//**
 * ==** Stereotypes: **==
 * **Heavy Drinkers:** The reason behind that is that their known export is Guinness(a dark stout brewed in Dublin). They also have many bars known as pubs.
 * **Always Wear Green:** It’s ironic how green is the known color for the Irish and St.Patrick’s Day since sources say blue was the first color associated with St. Patrick’s Day. The reasons could be that green is one of the colors in Ireland’s flag, and Ireland is known as the Emerald Isle because of its abundant landscape. Around the 1700’s the American tradition that wearing green was a must if you didn’t desired to be pinched was because St. Patrick’s revelers thought wearing green made people invisible to leprechauns(fairy creatures who would pinch anyone they could see).
 * **“Luck of the Irish”:** This is some sort of mock of how the Irish have for for the reasons that they suffered through 1,000 years of invasion, colonization, exploitation, starvation and emigration. This as well was an American origin since during the gold and silver rush years in the 19th century, most successful miners were of Irish and Irish American birth. So, this led to the expression"luck of the Irish." But this was as if saying that it was just luck since the Irish have no brains to succeed.
 * ** “ Mc” or “O”: ** Both designate a person’s ancestry. Mac is the Gaelic term for son and Mc is a short version. Both are found in the traditional Gaelic societies of Scotland and Ireland. O’s?"O" is the Gaelic word for grandson. The apostrophe is a legacy of British colonialism; English bureaucrats assumed the O stood for the word"of" and added the apostrophe.
 * **Shamrocks:** Supposably the say that St.Patrick used the shamrock to explain the Trinity by respresenting the three leaves as the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Other suggestions state that it derives from an earlier Celtic tradition by comparing the three leaves: trust in your soul, belief in your heart, and faith in your mind. Till this day the shamrock remains the Irish national symbol.
 * Political Issues: **
 * Marginalization: **

[|Irish Views] [|Irish Views of the Famine]

**//__Works Cit__//****//__ed__//**

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